AI Work Index

Data Downloads

562 occupations · 88 roles · 43 data sources · MIT licensed

Structural scores and Singapore context are separate downloads. Each artifact has an evidence tier: official SG, derived from official SG, external proxy, or synthetic.

Structural release

V4.1

score dataset generated 2026-03-20

Live monitor

Q4 2025 full

current labour context used on live pages

Latest official release

Q4 2025

MOM Labour Market Report Q4 2025 published 2026-03-20

Quarterly briefing

2026 Q1

occupations-v4-2026-03.json

Release history

V4.1 structural release

Published 2026-03-20 · V4.1 · monitor Q4 2025 full

Open →

MOM Labour Market Report Q4 2025

Published 2026-03-20 · V4.1 · monitor Q4 2025 full

Open →

2026 Q1 quarterly briefing

Published 2026-03-20 · V4.1 · monitor Q4 2025 full

Open →

Downloads

Versioned Snapshots

Historical scoring snapshots for tracking changes over time.

Version Date Occupations Download
V4.1 (Current) March 2026 562 JSON · CSV
V2 January 2026 562 Archived
V1 December 2025 562 Archived

Quarterly snapshots will be archived here as new scoring runs are published. Use snapshots to track band movers and score drift over time.

Methodology Version

Version: V4.1 (4-source exposure ensemble inside a 3-layer structural score, with separate offset/support layers)

Data vintage: 2024 wages, 2024/2025 demand signals

Occupations: 562 SSOC-coded occupations

Separate context bundle: Labour monitor, worker profile, industry context, sector wage anchors, geography context, macro labour context, national AI context, offset potential, and transition support

Sources: MOM Singapore (wages, Labour Force Section D, industry context, demand signals, SOI), IMDA Singapore Digital Economy Report 2025, IMDA NAIIP 2026, O*NET, Felten AIOE, Pizzinelli/IMF, Anthropic observed usage, Eloundou GPT exposure, ILO occupational exposure, SOL 2026, Jobs in Demand 2025

Full methodology →

Release Metadata

Manifest version: V4.1

Manifest generated: 20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm

Score dataset vintage: 2026-03-20

Artifact Generated Size SHA-256

V4 structural score CSV

sg-ai-occupations-v4.csv

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 252.5 KB 9e0284832c4c41859875894a7dbb07dfdc28a2525ba22743f4c6ada5678e0ba1

V4 structural score JSON

sg-ai-occupations-v4.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 2.66 MB 03f625f881b5e9b6d58d3a1e1d2396d92aec7e6051fa5a35a09b5891def88712

O*NET task and technology enrichment

onet-enrichment.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 1.33 MB 71520e8aaf3374c4d9eed00fc4fc4d9a6e1b7f3188a777ab238237bff0ea775d

Singapore context pack

sg-context-pack-2025.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 599.2 KB 162d118e60999acd137cc9e2b23f97b219aba51ee5311092683bd4f73977a9f6

Singapore labour monitor

sg-labour-monitor-2025.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 11.8 KB ef7db69736057366ef2ca678d5b7ea2bda1b4e856764b83e18870c97245ac295

Singapore worker profile

sg-worker-profile-2024.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 113.8 KB 723a9704e3b87db1f5779406eb0915ad41f7987717058ec8808c5ecef1fa4f36

Singapore geography context

sg-geography-context-2020.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 12.1 KB 73cfa4cfb39765f79fff0ec51bc0dcca65698720e329caab9a5b3c2636610014

Singapore macro labour context

sg-macro-context-2025.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 20.4 KB 16bfc9386143963012c9793f5ede96e6a65fb3f58e3821957e7e764a8558220c

AI in Singapore context

sg-ai-in-singapore-2025.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 3.7 KB 5c4b474fa2a38150353f9603aa18a257286a7a024531285e5103362eeaa90ff5

Transition infrastructure layer

sg-transition-infrastructure-2025.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 5.3 KB 3651477e19c9a8c3fac608706fcc2bcd853e2ab3e3fea6ad7bb1eceadc52b124

Transition support layer

sg-transition-support-v4.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 3.91 MB 304c7480d4ddf4fa9c617fe3355bd506cb9ac1b20eb3737e503fe363e0055fef

Offset potential layer

sg-offset-potential-v4.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 524.6 KB c951975fe838ae9bc2e66970f5332231f7dba702bebf6fcbb1e12793f40a379d

Public claims matrix

claims-matrix-v4.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 11.3 KB f3a615446229d0579cebe688d4d6ada80a10d4cb85d30c7cd430dec27e9d0947

Public site status

site-status.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 2.5 KB ec21248f6de81ec5f18ccd001bec568298e2354546cff7822f82c8a8b567a9b6

Public release history

releases.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 1.3 KB a0709fd8892ad49841c4ab16c1e0a0bcbe6fcf0ec5956c7f0fcc909f24943c7d

Current cluster validation

backtests/current-validation.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 9.5 KB ba80df06648ac0356f9c81852cb42f1e4c9925cb731ef4fbaa01fd0323213d6a

BLS crosswalk validation

backtests/bls-crosswalk-validation.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 2.7 KB 44de7bfb9fca7d8b207e974772306e61a28a7d527edf80c151c1aa686dd4f8fa

Multi-period temporal validation

backtests/multi-period-validation.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 5.5 KB a1f4571275d3e8c09cfd81603a8c2cdd070e4b07d83ecb859cb5451dd215a0aa

Calibration diagnostics

backtests/calibration-diagnostics.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 5.6 KB eb79a98fd2315cac341a613e7aa7a78b430cabbcc7e3a09cd00c7c6be12cdd21

Occupation-family validation

backtests/occupation-family-validation.json

20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm 5.6 KB 6df0bb9153e120fbc5e68069a62040018310205852799a6040e4b7e280873d93

Checksums are published so downloaded artifacts can be verified against the current release.

Major public claims are also published in a versioned claims matrix with evidence-strength labels and source keys.

Raw Data Health

Audit generated: 20 Mar 2026, 9:10 pm

Summary: 24 valid, 0 placeholder/error, 0 missing, 4 reference-only

Raw Input Status Used For Notes

Postings source registry

postings/source-registry.json

Valid postings pipeline, ATS employer-source ingestion Valid JSON payload.

Employer pressure seed registry

employer-signals-seed.json

Valid employer pressure pipeline Valid JSON payload.

Singapore occupations base feed

sg_occupations_complete_2024.json

Valid score pipeline, occupation master list Valid JSON payload.

Employment by occupation group

employment_by_occupation.csv

Valid score pipeline, market momentum Header starts with: DataSeries,2025,2024,2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2005,2004,2003

Median income by occupation group

median_income_by_occupation.csv

Valid score pipeline, market momentum Header starts with: DataSeries,2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2004,2003,2002,2001

Vacancy rates by occupation group

vacancy_rates_by_occupation_group.csv

Valid labour monitor Header starts with: quarter,industry1,industry2,occupation1,job_vacancy_rate

Job vacancies by industry and occupation

job_vacancies_by_industry_and_occupation_quarterly.csv

Valid industry context, labour monitor Header starts with: DataSeries,20253Q,20252Q,20251Q,20244Q,20243Q,20242Q,20241Q,20234Q,20233Q,20232Q,20231Q,20224Q,20223Q,20222Q,20221Q,2021

Recruitment and resignation rates

recruitment_resignation_rates.json

Valid labour monitor hiring signal Valid JSON payload.

Recruitment and resignation CSV

recruitment_resignation_rates.csv

Reference only labour monitor troubleshooting Optional reference/backstop file is not present locally.

Retrenchment by occupation group

retrenchment_by_occupation_group.json

Valid labour monitor retrenchment signal Valid JSON payload.

Retrenchment by occupation group CSV

retrenchment_by_occupation_group.csv

Reference only labour monitor troubleshooting Optional reference/backstop file is not present locally.

Labour Force 2024 Section D

LFR2024_SectionD.xlsx

Valid worker profile, employment basis Workbook sheets: Contents, D1, D2, D3, D4

Industry x occupation employment

industry_x_occupation.csv

Valid industry context, industry momentum Header starts with: DataSeries,2025,2024,2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2006,2005,2004

Wages by industry

wages_by_industry.xlsx

Valid sector wage anchors Workbook sheets: Contents, T4, T4.1, T4.2, T4.3

Wages by sex

wages_by_sex.xlsx

Valid worker profile Workbook sheets: Contents, T1, T1.1, T1.2

Planning area of residence by occupation

planning_area_residence_by_occupation.json

Valid geography context Valid JSON payload.

Travel time to work by occupation

travel_time_to_work_by_occupation.json

Valid geography context Valid JSON payload.

Quarterly unemployment rate

unemployment_rate_quarterly.json

Valid macro context Valid JSON payload.

Job vacancy to unemployed ratio

job_vacancy_to_unemployed_ratio.json

Valid macro context Valid JSON payload.

WSQ trainees by statement attainment

wsq_trainees_by_statement_attainment.json

Valid transition infrastructure Valid JSON payload.

Jobs Transformation Maps overview

jtm_overview.html

Valid transition infrastructure Present locally.

Occupation list workbook

occupations_list.xlsx

Reference only reference Reference/backstop file present locally, not currently used in the live pipeline.

Felten AIOE appendix

AIOE_DataAppendix.xlsx

Valid exposure ensemble Workbook sheets: Index, Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix D

Anthropic job exposure

anthropic_job_exposure.csv

Valid exposure ensemble Header starts with: occ_code,title,observed_exposure

Eloundou occupation exposure

eloundou_gpts_occ_level.csv

Valid exposure ensemble Header starts with: O*NET-SOC Code,Title,dv_rating_alpha,dv_rating_beta,dv_rating_gamma,human_rating_alpha,human_rating_beta,human_rating_ga

ILO refined exposure index

ilo_genai_scores_isco08_2025.xlsx

Valid exposure ensemble Workbook sheets: Sheet1

BLS occupation projections

bls_projections_2024_2034.xlsx

Valid proxy employment, convergent check Workbook sheets: Index, Table 1.1, Table 1.2, Table 1.3, Table 1.4

BLS CPS employment

bls_cps_employment_2025.xlsx

Reference only reference Reference/backstop file present locally, not currently used in the live pipeline.

This audit distinguishes real local raw inputs from missing files and failed download artifacts.

Evidence Tiers

Tier Meaning
Official SG Direct Singapore government data published at the level shown on the site.
Derived from official SG Rule-based or aggregated fields anchored to official Singapore data or published policy scope.
External proxy Non-Singapore research or external data used as an exposure input, proxy, or cross-check.
Synthetic Estimated role constructs or illustrative outputs that do not map one-to-one to official occupations.

The employment estimate and wage-pool proxy are intentionally separated. The first is an Est. Singapore allocation from official sub-major totals; the second is a BLS-weighted proxy used only for wage-pool views. Separate live worker-profile context comes from Labour Force 2024 Section D and wages-by-sex tables.

Current labour evidence is also published separately in the Singapore context pack so the structural score and the monitor can be audited independently.

Source Registry

Live sources are tracked separately from the structural score. Some sources are already active in the live monitor pipeline; others remain reference or backlog sources and are not yet part of the published monitor.

Source Tier Status Used For

MOM Occupational Wage Survey 2024

2024

Official SG Live median wages, wage quartiles

MOM / SingStat Detailed SSOC Employment Counts

not publicly released

Official SG Requested official detailed occupation employment

MOM Labour Force 2024 Table D8

2024

Official SG Live sub-major employment totals, estimated occupation employment basis

MOM Employment by Occupation Group

2024

Official SG Live major-group market momentum

MOM Industry × Occupation

2024

Official SG Live industry momentum spread, Singapore context support, industry footprint

MOM Labour Force 2024 Section D

2024

Official SG Live worker profile context, detailed gender anchors, estimated employment basis

SingStat Planning Area of Residence by Occupation

2020

Official SG Live geography context, planning-area concentration

SingStat Travel Time to Work by Occupation

2020

Official SG Live geography context, commute burden context

MOM Jobs in Demand 2025

2025

Official SG Live demand signal, market resilience bonus

MOM Shortage Occupation List 2026

2026

Official SG Live demand signal, market resilience bonus

MOM Labour Market Reports / monitor series

2025

Official SG Live labour monitor, quarterly context, cluster vacancy rates

Job Vacancies by Industry and Occupation

2024

Official SG Live industry context vacancy overlay, cluster vacancy counts

MOM Job Vacancy Rates by Occupation Group

2025

Official SG Live labour monitor, vacancy validation

MOM Job Vacancy Counts

2025

Official SG Live labour monitor, vacancy validation

MOM Recruitment and Resignation Rates

2025

Official SG Live labour monitor hiring signal

MOM / SingStat Retrenchment by Occupation Group

2026

Official SG Live labour monitor retrenchment signal

SingStat Unemployment Rate, Quarterly, Seasonally Adjusted

2025

Official SG Live macro context, unemployment context

MOM Job Vacancy to Unemployed Person Ratio

2024

Official SG Live macro context, labour tightness context

Workforce Singapore Jobs Transformation Maps

2026

Official SG Live transition infrastructure, transition-support context

SkillsFuture WSQ Trainees by Statement Attainment

2024

Official SG Live transition infrastructure

SkillsFuture Career Transition Programme

2026

Official SG Live transition infrastructure, transition-support context

Workforce Singapore Career Conversion Programmes

2026

Official SG Live transition infrastructure, transition-support context

Workforce Singapore CareersFinder

2025

Official SG Live transition infrastructure, transition-support context

Wages by Industry

2024

Official SG Live sector wage anchors, industry context support

Wages by Sex

2024

Official SG Live worker-profile wage context

IMDA Singapore Digital Economy Report 2025

2025

Official SG Live AI in Singapore context, reports, national AI adoption framing

IMDA Singapore Digital Economy Report 2025

2025

Official SG Live AI in Singapore context, reports, national AI adoption framing

IMDA National AI Impact Programme

2026

Official SG Live AI in Singapore context, national programme framing

MOM Singapore Opportunity Index

2025

Official SG Live AI in Singapore context, employer-quality context, career mobility framing

Felten AIOE

2021

External proxy Live exposure ensemble

Pizzinelli et al. theta

2023

External proxy Live human bottleneck

Anthropic Economic Index

2026-01

External proxy Live exposure ensemble, observed usage gap

Eloundou GPT Exposure

2023

External proxy Live exposure ensemble

ILO Generative AI Exposure Index

2025

External proxy Live exposure ensemble

O*NET Occupation Data

2024

External proxy Live task and technology enrichment context

O*NET Task Statements

2024

External proxy Live task and technology enrichment context

O*NET Technology Skills

2024

External proxy Live task and technology enrichment context

O*NET Job Zones

2024

External proxy Live education label proxy

US BLS Occupational Projections 2024-2034

2024-2034

External proxy Live employment proxy, convergent cross-check

Progressive Wage Model mapping

2026

Derived from official SG Live Singapore context

Singapore licensing mapping

2026

Derived from official SG Live Singapore context

Foreign-worker dependency mapping

2026

Derived from official SG Live Singapore context

SkillsFuture transition mapping

2026

Derived from official SG Live Singapore context

Data Dictionary

Key fields in the dataset. See the methodology page for derivation details.

Field Type Description
ssoc string Singapore Standard Occupational Classification code (5-digit detail code).
title string Occupation title from MOM classification.
major_group string Major occupational group key (for example professionals or managers).
gross_wage_median number Median gross monthly wage in SGD from MOM 2024.
gross_wage_25th number 25th percentile gross monthly wage in SGD.
gross_wage_75th number 75th percentile gross monthly wage in SGD.
employment_thousands number Legacy compatibility alias for estimated_sg_employment_thousands. Derived from published Labour Force 2024 sub-major totals. Not an official occupation headcount.
estimated_sg_employment_thousands number Est. Singapore employment for this occupation, derived from published Labour Force 2024 sub-major totals. Not an official occupation headcount.
employment_basis enum Basis label for estimated_sg_employment_thousands. Current live basis: Est. SG sub-major allocation.
bls_proxy_employment number BLS-weighted proxy employment used for wage-pool analysis. This is not an official Singapore occupation headcount.
data_basis.employment_estimate object Tier/source metadata for the Singapore employment estimate.
data_basis.wage_pool_proxy object Tier/source metadata for the wage-pool proxy field.
labour_monitor_key enum|null Cluster key linking this occupation to the separately published Singapore labour monitor dataset.
exposure number Exposure ensemble score (0-1). Reliability-weighted blend of matched percentile-ranked exposure sources in V4.1.
bottleneck number Human bottleneck strength (0-1). Higher means stronger human advantage from judgment, accountability, or interpersonal work.
net_risk number Net displacement risk (0-1). Formula: exposure × (1 - bottleneck) × market_modifier.
risk_band enum Categorical risk: very_low (<5%), low (<15%), moderate (<30%), high (<50%), very_high (≥50%).
augmentation number Augmentation potential (0-1). How much AI can enhance rather than replace this role.
impact_type enum ai_leveraged | at_risk | stable | mixed, based on displacement and augmentation thresholds.
market.market_momentum number Broad labour-market momentum signal (0-1).
market.occupation_scarcity number Labour shortage signal (0-1), derived from SOL and Jobs in Demand lists.
market.market_resilience number Combined market buffer (0-1). Higher means stronger demand protection.
group_employment_thousands number Official employment total for the broad Singapore occupation group (in thousands).
evidence.anthropic_calibrated boolean Whether Anthropic observed-usage data is available for this occupation.
evidence.anthropic_gap number|null Observed-usage percentile minus theoretical exposure percentile.
evidence.sol_match string|false Shortage Occupation List match: exact, prefix, or false.
evidence.jobs_in_demand_match string|false Jobs in Demand match: exact, prefix, or false.
evidence.exposure_blend_strategy enum Current exposure blend method. V4.1 uses a deterministic reliability-weighted ensemble.
evidence.exposure_agreement enum Agreement across matched exposure sources: consensus_high, consensus_low, aligned_mid, divergent, or insufficient_data.
evidence.exposure_source_weights object Normalized per-source weights used inside the exposure ensemble after conditioning on which sources matched this occupation.
evidence.signal_conflict boolean Whether the occupation has materially conflicting evidence, such as high structural pressure but strong current demand signals.
confidence.score number Overall estimate confidence (0-1), combining crosswalk quality, market data, and source freshness.
confidence.exposure_source_count number How many exposure sources were available for this occupation in the V4.1 ensemble.
confidence.source_coverage number Coverage component of confidence (0-1), based on the number of matched exposure sources.
confidence.signal_agreement number Agreement component of confidence (0-1), derived from agreement across available exposure sources.
confidence.sensitivity number Sensitivity component of confidence (0-1), derived from the stability stress test.
confidence.level enum high | medium | low confidence.
education_label string Displayed education proxy. Derived from O*NET Job Zones via the SOC crosswalk.
sg_context object Singapore context flags (PWM, licensing, foreign-worker dependency, SkillsFuture support).
stability.label enum stable | watch | sensitive — how much the risk band moves under the Monte Carlo stability check.

This data is released under the MIT License. Attribution appreciated but not required.

Questions? See methodology or about.

Structural AI exposure scores, not employment predictions. Methodology

V4.1 structural score · 2024 wages · Q4 2025 full live monitor · 562 occupations · 88 roles

Latest official labour release: MOM Labour Market Report Q4 2025 (2026-03-20)

Made by Kirill So · Built with Claude & GPT
MIT Licensed · Open Source · Structural release V4.1 · Updated 2026-03-20